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Our Plan for Reducing Vehicle Emissions

Our science-based global strategy aims to reduce the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from our vehicles (as well as our operational processes). Encompassing our Sustainable Technologies and Alternative Fuels Plan, the strategy seeks to deliver high-quality products that meet consumer demand while also responding to the risks presented by climate change.

A Long-Term Approach to Cutting CO2 Emissions

In collaboration with policy-makers around the world, we continue to reduce vehicle emissions in line with regional “glide paths.” These trajectories define the industry-wide emissions reductions needed to stabilize the changing climate.

Our industry faces major challenges in this area right now. As well as regulatory uncertainty in the United States, there’s a general switch among customers from cars to trucks and SUVs. In addition, as U.S. fuel prices have been low in recent years, the public prioritization of fuel efficiency has changed. Customers’ expectations and priorities are evolving, turning toward other attributes in their vehicles, such as performance, connectivity and infotainment. This has made it more challenging to get their buy-in for more efficient yet more expensive fuel economy-related technologies.

Nonetheless, we have followed an ambitious plan to improve fuel economy and reduce CO2 emissions across our product portfolio over the past decade and remain committed to emissions reductions and electrification over the long term.

How We’re Doing

Ford’s U.S. corporate average fuel economy (combined car and truck) is 29.61 miles per gallon

Ford’s U.S. CO2 tailpipe emissions (per vehicle, combined car and truck) is 3602 grams per mile

Ford’s Europe CO2 tailpipe emissions (per passenger vehicle) is 121 grams per kilometer

Global Technology Migration Path

Now (<2021)

Policy and Mobility
  • First Ford car sharing
  • First Ford bike sharing
  • First Chariot cities
Internal Combustion Engine (ICE)
  • EcoBoost engines widely available
  • Diesel engine/after-treatment technology to reduce emissions
Electrification
  • Start–Stop systems introduced
  • Hybrids/Plug-In Hybrids available in nearly 40% of nameplates
  • Focus BEV: 115-mile EV (electric vehicle) range
Alternative Fuels
  • Develop SI (spark ignition) and CI (compression ignition) technologies compatible with low-carbon/renewable fuels
  • Flex Fuel Vehicles
  • CNG-prepared engines available where demand exists
Energy Management, Electrical Architecture and Efficiency
  • Electric power steering widely available
  • Global migration of battery management systems ongoing
  • Aerodynamic improvements
Transmission and Driveline
  • 8- and 10-speed variants expand to replace 6-speed automatic transmissions
Weight Reduction
  • Significant weight reduction programs using conventional materials

Near (2021–2024)

  • Existing technologies at high volume
  • Reduce weight
  • Expand electrification
Policy and Mobility
  • Initiate cross-sector GHG mitigation discussions
  • Progress cross-industry and government discussions to increase minimum octane rating
  • Introduction of autonomous vehicle (AV) technologies
  • Introduction of commercial vehicle (CV) advanced technologies
  • Introduction of smart mobility technologies
  • Extend sharing and shuttle offerings in regions
  • Extended FordPass functionalities including parking finder, etc.
  • Intermodal platforms
Internal Combustion Engine (ICE)
  • Advanced technologies to further improve gasoline engine/EcoBoost powertrain efficiency and performance
  • Expand and optimize gasoline engine/EcoBoost technologies in conjunction with electrified and alternative fuel applications and improved fuel properties
  • Further develop diesel technology to enhance capability and affordability in key vehicle segments
  • Innovation to meet future local air quality vehicle tailpipe emission standards
Electrification
  • Expand electrified driveline and transmission technologies
  • More efficient hybrid-specific engines
  • Start–Stop widely available
  • Hybrids/Plug-In Hybrids available in nearly 50% of nameplates
  • BEV: ~300-mile EV range
Alternative Fuels
  • Vehicle and powertrain capability to leverage renewable fuels
  • Expand product capability for renewable fuels
Energy Management, Electrical Architecture and Efficiency
  • Additional aerodynamic improvements
  • Develop intelligent energy management technologies, e.g., waste heat recovery
Transmission and Driveline
  • Advanced conventional driveline technologies widely available
  • Further develop electrified transmission and driveline technologies across all platforms and powertrain configurations
Weight Reduction
  • Significant weight reduction programs using conventional and advanced materials

Far (2025+)

  • Electrification and alternative fuels at high volume
Policy and Mobility
  • Improve sustainability by integrating vehicle technologies, low-carbon/renewable fuels and Smart Mobility solutions
  • Engage in cross-sector GHG mitigation projects
  • City of Tomorrow solutions
Internal Combustion Engine (ICE)
  • Continue optimizing engine technologies for electrified applications
  • Identify and incorporate advanced technologies that are compatible and synergistic with low-carbon/renewable fuels
Electrification
  • Next-generation Hybrid, Plug-in Hybrid and BEV technologies (lighter, smaller, reduced cost, improved functionality)
  • BEV models with 300+ EV range available in a growing number of segments
  • Continued expansion of all-electric vehicles across portfolio
Alternative Fuels
  • Evolve technologies in response to progress in low-carbon/renewable fuels
Transmission and Driveline
  • Expand functionality of transmission and driveline technologies in support of next-generation electrified and autonomous vehicles
Weight Reduction
  • Development of advanced lightweight material models progresses
  1. Includes FFV credits. Does not include A/C or Off-Cycle credits.

    The decline in combined car and truck fuel economy of 1% YOY is primarily due to customers purchasing larger cars and more trucks and reduced CAFE FFV credits. Despite the decrease in combined car and truck CAFE, on an individual basis, our vehicles continue to make fuel economy improvements and our combined fleet fuel economy has improved by 9% compared to 2009.

  2. Includes FFV credits. Does not include A/C or Off-Cycle credits.